Kachnisap 2 - a new site of Kayukovo archaeological culture

This article describes initial research at a new Neolithic site of Kachnisap-2 on the left bank of the Bolshoy Yugan River in the southern part of the Middle Ob river lowland. This is the only site with circular structure of six rounded depressions among all archaeological sites in the area near the Kachnisap stream. The depressions, which can be clearly seen on the surface, remained from six archaeological structures. Five of them were located in a semi-ring around the largest structure No. 6 and were encircled by an embankment, which makes it possible to consider this complex a fortified settlement. Other objects in this area were identified as settlements. Two stratigraphical sections were made for establishing the boundaries of the cultural layer and analyzing stratigraphy of the site. One of them, on the edge of the structure 1, showed the presence of cultural layer. During the excavation, ten fragments of decorated pottery were discovered. Despite their obviously incomplete state, these fragments of flat bottom, walls, and rim have made it possible to confidently determine cultural and chronological background of pottery. Vessels had a spheroconic shape with wide mouth and body narrowing down to flat bottom. The wavy rim was shaped by finger imprints. Ornamentation on the external surface of the vessel under the rim consisted of a chain of pit-like impressions. The bodies of the vessels were decorated with wavy lines using incised or retreating technique. Flat bottoms were had a band protruding outward, which was decorated along the edge with finger imprints with fingernail traces, just like the rim. Despite the lack of radiocarbon dates, all the above features indicate that the evidence belongs to the Kayukovo archaeological culture and the site may be tentatively dated to the Early Neolithic.