Ceramic production in the settlements of special settlers of Vanzetur and Kirpichny of Khanty-Mansiyi autonomous district in the 1930s

The article discusses the role of forced migration in the socio-economic development of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District in the 30s of the XX century on the example of economy and local industry new branch development in the settlements of special settlers of Kirpichny and Vanzetur: ceramics production. The reasons and features of the process of formation of these new types of economic activity on the territory of the Khanty-Mansiysk district in the 30s of the XX century are investigated. Special settlers were sent to the region for forced work on logging and wood processing. However, this category of the population, arriving from other regions, was forced to engage in other activities, since the harsh living conditions demanded self-sufficiency with all necessary belongings, independent organization of life, including the manufacture of household utensils for everyday use, housing construction, and food production. In these matters, the special settlers could rely only on their own knowledge and skills, since they were not provided with anything necessary. In a short time, the special settlers were able to organize, under unusual conditions, a fairly efficient local production of ceramic products. The article describes the production technology and types of ceramic products made at the local facilities, explores the history of ceramic production development on the example of a brick factory in the village of Kirpichny, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District.