Clustering is a modern approach to the development of the national economic system of the Russian Federation

The article presents the results of a study of current trends in the clustering process in the national economic system of the Russian Federation. The authors formulated and confirmed the hypothesis that highly developed clusters can be organized in a territory with a sufficiently high level of infrastructure development and attractive conditions for state regulation by state and municipal authorities of the economic regime of companies. The analysis of the clustering process is based on a sample of clusters registered in the database “Cluster map of Russia” prepared by the Russian HSE ISIEZ Cluster Observatory, which is open to the public. The analysis was carried out in several aspects: the concentration of clusters by region, by the level of cluster development, by belonging to the territory, and by specialization of activity. Ratings of the level of cluster development by Federal Districts and by belonging to a specific territory are constructed. The structuring of clusters on a territorial basis made it possible to reflect the directions of the economic development of the territory and current trends in the specialization of the economic development of the region. The results of the study also demonstrated new trends in economic activity at the regional level, the activation of such areas as educational, tourism, and consulting services. The clusters included in the database are structured according to the level of development into high, medium and new, 72% of the clusters in this sample belong to the new category, which confirms the activity of the process of forming a new type of association of companies, a cluster providing an organizational structure in the form of a management company that performs the functions of integrating activities, forming stable horizontal links at the regional level.