Pea samples combinatory ability in Western Siberia conditions

The objective of research is to search for donors for a set of economically valuable traits for the selection of high-tech pea varieties. The studies were conducted in 2020-2022 in the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia at the Omsk Scientific Research Center using generally accepted methods. The weather conditions during the years of the experiments were very contrasting with long periods of severe drought: for May-August 2020, HTC = 0.60; in 2021, HTC = 0.58; in 2022, HTC = 1.04. The predecessor was soft spring wheat. The soil of the experimental plot was leached chernozem, medium-deep, heavy loamy, with a humus content of about 6 % (according to Tyurin), pH of about 1.5 %. 7. Objects of the study: 8 varieties of field pea with a whiskered leaf type of Siberian and foreign selection, including 4 from the Omsk Scientific and Research Center, and 16 hybrid combinations F1, created according to the topcross scheme (4 × 4). Sowing and harvesting by hand, 2-fold repetition, plant nutrition area 5 × 40 cm. The greatest heterotic effect in F1 was demonstrated by stem length - from 5 to 45 %; by seed weight per plant - from 28 to 70 % and by 1000 seed weight - from 11 to 24 %. It was confirmed that combining ability is not a constant indicator. Short-stemmed Omsk varieties Triumf Sibiri, Demos, and Alex (Canada) had negative OKS by stem length and seed weight per plant, therefore, when including them in crossings to create lodging-resistant and high-yielding varieties, it is necessary to carefully select a hybrid pair. The value of such donors of technological traits for selection is confirmed by the fact that Demos is included in the pedigree of the new varieties Sibur 2 and Triumf Sibiri. The maternal variety Velvet (Austria) and paternal forms Jackpot (Denmark), D 40 (KrasNIISKh, RF) had a high OKS by the weight of seeds per plant. The low value of the SCS variance in the Jackpot variety increases the efficiency of its use in the selection of productive forms. The samples included in the experiment are donors for a set of elements of the yield structure: Omsky 19 (5 traits + def), Sibur 2 (5), Velvet (3), Alex (4), Jackpot (7), Triumf Sibiri (3 + def), Demos (6 + def and det), D 40 (5).