Potato varieties comprehensive assessment when grown in arid conditions

The purpose of research: to identify and recommend for production or practical breeding potato varieties and hybrid material of various genetic and geographical origins, most adapted to stressful abiotic and biotic environmental factors, combining field resistance to various pathogens, heat and drought resistance. The work was carried out in 2019-2021 in the Samara Region. The object of research is varieties and hybrids of potatoes of various genetic and geographical origin. The results of the study of new and promising varieties and hybrids of potatoes of domestic breeding on a high natural infectious background in conditions of high air temperature and insufficient moisture are presented. It is shown that among the varieties with the maximum average level of productivity for 2019-2021 intensive ones include Siversky, Alaska, Debut, Terra, Sudarynya, Utro. The variety Krasa Meshchery is characterized as a genotype with high ecological plasticity. The varieties Zhigulevsky, Aroza, Udacha, Eliksred, Varyag, Gala, Barin, Krasavchik, Utro, Korchma were characterized by the optimal balance of plasticity and yield stability. It has been established that, according to the results of a three-year test, the best varieties that combine high productivity, field resistance to viral and fungal pathogens, and high starch content of tubers are the medium-early variety Krasa Meshchery and the mid-season variety Siversky. As a result of a comprehensive assessment, varieties with optimal parameters of adaptability, plasticity and genotype stability in terms of yield under changing environmental conditions were identified. Domestic potato varieties have been identified that combine high yield, resistance to viral and fungal phytopathogens, high starch content in tubers, adapted to conditions of high air temperature during the growing season and to moisture deficiency.