The concept of co-production in the context of urban governance

The paper attempts to interpret critically the concept of co-production in the context of urban governance and identifies the main trends and problems of citizen participation in the design and implementation of smart cities. The author concludes that despite the general awareness of the need for an active role of citizens in the development of smart cities, most smart city projects still retain a very narrow understanding of the role of citizens as simple information providers. Prospects for further conceptualizing the role of citizens in the implementation of the smart city are associated with an analysis of the substantive aspect of civic participation.