The evolutionary space of bacterial 16S rRNA gene V. 1.0

A systematicity in taxonomy, basically related to evolution, remains one of the greatest problem of in modern biology, and in particular microbiological topology. This problem has always attracted the attention of scientists, including N.I. Vavilov. He proposed a law of homologous series which, of course, must be regarded as the most striking in the current attempts to make analysis of biodiversity. In the molecular ecology of microorganisms, the demand for universal taxonomic system is particularly evident. Introduction of the new generation sequencing techniques into molecular ecology studies requires introduction of the radically new statistical approaches. This problem can be solved by the creation of the «metataxonomy», an integral approach for the analysis of the microbial communities, allowing to study microbial communities as a whole. It is related to a number of questions in evolutionary biology, taxonomy, mathematics, geometry and demands large computing. One of the most important problems is thr detection in 16S rRNA libraries of large amount of taxonomically «not attributed» sequences. To resolve this problem we propose the «evolutionary space» of 16S rRN gene, where fixed coordinates exist for every possible variant of 16S rRNA gene regardless of whether this variant is present in biosphere/database or even implemented in the course of evolution. In the current article we present the results of the analysis of a 16S rRNA gene database, where for the first time we constructed «evolutionary space», the assumed operational environment for «metataxonomy». The evolutionary space makes it possible to use a number of powerful statistical approaches aimed to analyse complex microbial community as a whole. Here we present the first version of evolutionary space with minimal possible dimension (13D).