Criteria for assessing the efficiency of import substitution in high-tech sectors of industry

The article examines the criteria for assessing the effectiveness of import substitution in high-tech sectors of the Russian industry in the context of sanctions pressure and structural imbalances. It is noted that the key priorities are reducing dependence on imports, stimulating innovation and forming sustainable production chains, which is enshrined in the Concept of Technological Development of the Russian Federation until 2030. It was found that structural constraints, such as a deficit of rare earth elements, dependence on foreign patents and hidden imports of components, retain risks even when local successes are achieved, for example, an increase in the share of domestic microelectronics in government orders to 70%. It was concluded that for a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of import substitution, it is necessary to integrate quantitative indicators (production volumes, localization) with qualitative parameters (innovation, adaptability), as well as to develop analytical tools and strengthen integration into global innovation ecosystems to ensure technological sovereignty.