Krotovo culture on the right bank of the Irtysh: new data of settlement Vengerovo-2

Purpose. This article analyzes the new data that was obtained in a study of Krotovo culture settlement Vengerovo-2, which dates back to 3,000-2,000 BC. Out of dwellings № 6, excavated on the site, the smallest dwelling area has been explored. The foundation pit of dwelling number 6 had a trapezoidal shape with the size of 8.5 × 5.5 m with its longest side oriented in the north-south direction. This foundation pit connected a number of dwellings along the terrace, with the foundation pit of dwelling number 5 placed perpendicular to it. Results. Some remnants and cinder from the structure have been found that allow for reconstruction of the building. The hearth has been studied by way of a method that has been developed for sampling the hearth filling along horizontal planes (nominal planes). This method has been demonstrated with photographs and blueprints. A conclusion has been drawn about the identity of the structure and functions of the hearth from the dwelling 6 to those studied earlier in the same settlement. Some peculiarities of the hearth functioning have been revealed, one of which is that the filling's features are indicative of several periods of the hearth's usage. A new collection of materials from the Early Bronze Age (Krotovo culture) has been formed which includes a number of stone, clay, bone items as well as a large collection of pottery fragments, including some complete vessels. The tools made of pottery fragments represent a separate category of implements. Some researchers associate the use of these tools with the processing of hide, pottery, and weaving. Also, a unique crucible has been found. These findings, as well as the design of the hearth confirm the presence of traditions in bronze making. A bronze cast item has been found at the excavation site for the first time - a «razor». Positioning of pole pits outside the dwelling suggest the presence of a fence around the settlement. Conclusion. Thus, the study of the Bronze Age Krotovo culture settlement Vengerovo-2 yielded new results on the organization of the living space, construction of dwellings, and the structure of hearths. These new results form a basis for reconstruction of economic and household activities of Krotovo culture people.