Kuban cossacks, orthodox clergy and other estates at the end of the 19th century and in the period of revolutionary events 1917: comparative analysis

Article is devoted to the comparative analysis of a spiritual condition of the population of the Kuban Region at the end of the 19 century and in days of the February and October revolutions. On the basis of the analysis of various sources the conclusion that the spiritual crisis which has captured all layers of the Russian society became the main reason of revolutionary shocks of 1917 is drawn. His manifestation in Kuban is lit and also the reasons of falling of monarchic moods in the Cossack region are considered. In work the interrelation between change of social composition of the population of the Kuban Region, promoting of the liberal ideas and growth of protest moods is traced. A lot of attention is paid to consideration of the reasons, mass support by residents of Kuban of the February revolution. The interrelation between the imperial policy directed to prevention of existence of especially Cossack region and weakening of monarchic moods in the Kuban region is for the first time carried out. In article the factors which have exerted impact on position of clergy in Kuban such as are also allocated: 1) spiritual - defining degree of a moral condition of society; 2) economic inseparably linked with financial position; 3) the social, designating social status of clergy in class hierarchy; 4) political, presented by political addictions and sympathies of clergymen. Many place is allocated also to an explanation of the reasons of various relation of the Kuban clergy to revolutionary events of 1917, the attention to its non-uniform structure is for the first time paid, in a research three currents to which by 1917 the clergy of Kuban has broken up are designated: radical, conservative and reformist.