Treatment of bleeding from varicose veins of the esophagus and stomach

To date, significant experience has been accumulated in the management and treatment of patients with bleeding from varicose veins of the esophagus and stomach, which forms the basis of the presented recommendations. Bleeding from varicose veins of the esophagus is the final link in the sequence of complications of liver cirrhosis caused by progressive fibrosis of the liver tissue, blockage of blood flow through its tissue, the development of portal hypertension syndrome, followed by a discharge of blood along the pathways of collateral circulation, incl. progressive expansion of the veins of the esophagus with their subsequent rupture. Today, doctors' efforts are aimed at preventing the development of sequential stages of portal hypertension and at finding therapeutic and surgical methods that can radically reduce the pressure in the portal vein system and thus prevent the risk of bleeding from varicose veins of the esophagus.