Food vocabulary in the Komi-Permyak language: borrowings from Russian dialects of the Perm region

The article deals with the Russian dialect vocabulary of the thematic group ‘Food’ which is recorded in different dialects of the Komi-Permyak language. Words borrowed from Russian dialects are well preserved in the language, but not all these lexemes are recorded in the Komi-Permyak-Russian Dictionary. Materials for the analysis were extracted from various written sources of the Komi-Permyak language, as well as from records of speech of the Komi-Permyaks. There have been revealed quite a large number of dialect Russian words that denote dishes and drinks. Most often, the Komi-Permyak language retains the meaning of the dialect word that exists in Russian. In some cases, the semantics of the borrowed word may change, most often the meaning is narrowed. Comparing the analyzed language units in terms of their presence in different Russian dialects, the author comes to a conclusion that in most cases the lexeme is found in Perm dialects but not found in others. A smaller part of the lexemes is also noted in the northern Russian dialects, which is explained by the fact that Perm dialects are genetically related to the Arkhangelsk and Vologda dialects. The population of the Perm region was formed by migrants from the territory of the Russian North, including from Arkhangelsk and Vologda. Often, Russian dialect words are used to refer to traditional dishes of the Komi-Permyaks, which testifies to the similarity of the food culture of those and Russians, as well as to the close economic ties that existed between the Russian and Komi-Permyak peoples. Modern recordings of Komi-Permian speech show an increase in the number of borrowed words denoting food. Often, in different dialects of the Komi-Permyak language, there co-exist words of the Russian and indigenous origin denoting one and the same material object.