Logical and mathematical principles of comparative analysis of objects

The article considers logical and mathematical principles of comparative analysis of objects as a basis for formalization and justification of comparison procedures in scientific research and applied problems. Particular attention is paid to the theoretical foundations of analysis, logical structures and mathematical models that ensure objectivity, reproducibility and sustainability of results. The criteria for the effectiveness of the analysis, methods for their assessment, as well as practical areas of application of the developed approaches are described. The prospects for integrating logical and mathematical methods with modern data processing technologies are emphasized.