Local cytokine profile in women with preterm birth due to premature rupture of membranes

The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the local cytokine profile in pregnant women with a history of premature birth (PB) with premature rupture of the membranes (PROM). Group I included 40 pregnant women with a history of PB due to PROM, group II included 25 pregnant women with a spontaneous history of PB due to other reasons (without PROM) in the gestational age of 22-28 weeks. When assessing microbiocenosis using the “Femoflor 16” test system, dysbiotic disorders of the vagina (moderate and severe anaerobic dysbiosis) were statistically significantly more often observed in pregnant women with PB with a history of PROM compared to pregnant women with a history of PB without PROM. When examining a local inflammatory response using the ImmunoQuantex® system, a high inflammation index (60%) in the cervico-vaginal region was also statistically significantly more often observed in pregnant women who had a history of PB with PROM as compared to pregnant women who had PB without PROM. A detailed analysis of each parameter that is part of the ImmunoQuantex® system showed that the expression of the IL1β, TNF - α, B2M, TLR4 genes was statistically significantly greater, and the expression of the IL-10 gene was statistically significantly less in patients of group I compared with patients of group II. Our results suggest that PB due to PROM may be associated with dysbiotic disorders in the cervico-vaginal region in women with a genetically determined immune response.