Mechanisms of regulation of rural economy in foreign countries

The change of the economic growth model based on specialization and increase in production scale to the model aimed at ensuring sustainability in the conditions of uncertainty and risks (related to market development, policy, and biophysical changes, including the greenhouse effect, global trade liberalization and volatility in the main commodity markets), required improvement of the state regulation of the rural economy. It was revealed, that in the new conditions, the USA and the EU modify the main regulatory instruments: support of farm incomes, protection of the domestic agricultural market and access to foreign markets, integrated development of rural areas. However, modern regulatory mechanisms do not ensure the sustainability of rural development and need to be adjusted. In preparing the new seven year EU Common agricultural policy program, an approach has been proposed to combine social, environmental, food and agricultural policies to create a “holistic food system”. Integration policy should take into account the interests of all participants in the food system, from environmentalists to EU citizens. The agricultural policy of Russia is sectoral in nature: industrial agricultural and export oriented production is increasing, the development of rural areas is aimed at creating infrastructure for agriculture. It is important to study the experience gained by developed countries and optimize the Russian agricultural policy.