Methodological approaches to determining the discount rate in accounting

This article is devoted to finding a solution to the problem of the lack of a unified approach to determining the discounted value and estimating the discount rate in accounting. The practical significance lies in finding a solution to the problem posed by highlighting the components of the discount rate and recommending the size of the rate for Russian enterprises. The solution of the identified problem was carried out using methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, formalization and thought experiments. The authors’ research is based on the analysis of open sources of information: regulatory documents, scientific publications. Special attention is paid to the study of publications regarding the assessment of the balance sheet and discounting. The authors analyzed the points of view of accounting schools in terms of valuation, made a selection in terms of discounting, according to IFRS, applied in the Russian Federation. The authors conclude that the discount rate is currently subjective and significantly affects all calculations, as well as partially distorts them. Each business entity uses its own settlement rate, and therefore difficulties arise in the comparability of the financial situation of the enterprise. In this regard, the authors propose to use a fixed rate fixed by law, which will significantly improve the accuracy of calculations.