Methodological approaches to the theory and practice of human capital in economic growth (on the example of the Murmansk region)

In the context of modern challenges and strategic objectives for the development of the Arctic, the issue of human capital, which is a key factor in knowledge-intensive economic growth, is becoming increasingly relevant. Today, the Arctic regions are experiencing an acute shortage of qualified personnel who meet the requirements of the labor market, which is changing under the influence of the global technological transformation of the economy, called the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The main challenges and threats that shape the risks of sustainable development of the regions of the Russian Arctic remain the discrepancy between regional personnel training systems and the needs and requirements of the economy. The article discusses the problems of human capital accumulation, methods for measuring it, as well as the role of human capital as a factor in economic growth. The purpose of the work is to empirically test the theory of increasing returns of human capital in the form of education on economic growth.