Crew transportation spacecraft ergonomic design methodology and results

Development and utilization of a Crew Transportation Spacecraft (CTS) requires high efficiency of its use subject to meeting crew safety requirements. The most important element of manned systems is the human operator and his flawless and efficient performance of his functions. Allocation of functions between the automatic control loop and crewmembers, crew selection and training are also included in the tasks of ergonomic support during CTS development. The paper presents results of CTS ergonomic design aimed at creating a system and structure for professional activities of the cosmonauts while meeting the requirements and constraints imposed by the spacecraft engineering design. It shows how the key ergonomic design processes were implemented: ergonomic support program development, allocation of functions, determining crew skills, development of crew interfaces, experimental modeling.