Methods of Combating Salmonellosis in Calves in Azerbaijan

Salmonellosis in calves is a common infectious disease caused by Salmonella bacteria, which can be dangerous to humans as well. It most often affects calves under two months of age, with peak incidence occurring in the spring after calving. The disease is found in most regions of Azerbaijan. In order to optimize application of GIS-technologies for studies of salmonellyoz diseases, utilized have been the data on epizootiological investigations of salmonellyosis cases Lenkaran city in Azerbaijan. Described has been a methodological approach to the issue, comprising 4 phases and aimed at enhancement of epizootiological surveillance over salmonellyosis. The first stage consists in learning the lessons of previously conducted salmonellyoz diseases mapping and specification of peculiarities of the territory. The second one is application of GIS-technologies for epizootiological analysis with a view to outlining the criteria for enzootic territory zoning, to assess dynamic qualitative and quantitative changes of epizootiological process, and estimate the impact of socio- ecological factors on the epizootic processes. The third phase is databases creation, (attributive charts) compiled with information on geographically referenced phenomena under discussion (natural salmonellyoz diseases foci, sites of host- animal allocation, potentially hazardous areas, morbidity rates, etc.). The fourth one – complex analysis of the software designed maps. Implementation of this methodology makes it possible not only to evaluate epizootological significance of the foci, to investigate integrated impact of socio-ecological factors on the occasion of population exposure to the infection, but also to carry out zoning of the territory taking into consideration epidemically significant factors. Therewith, it forms scientifically substantiated premises for the development and implementation of prophylactic and anti-epizootic measures.