International competitiveness of Chinese companies: historical evolution and future policy choices

Since the creation of the New China more than 70 years ago, the international competitiveness of Chinese enterprises has achieved rapid development.Due to significant changes in internal and external factors and conditions, such as the institutional environment, technical level, management model, security of elements and business strategy in different periods, the international competitiveness of Chinese enterprises has undergone significant changes from education, initial formation and development to the beginning of competitiveness, accelerated improvement, and then to a strong historical evolution and demonstrated step-by-step characteristics of development at the macro and micro levels.To some extent, this reflects the trajectory of China's economic transformation and development, as well as institutional changes. At the same time, it is also deeply rooted in a complex international political and economic environment that is compatible with the cycle of national strategic adjustment.The history of growth and the evolution of the international competitiveness of Chinese enterprises are not only the inevitable result of the continuous deepening of China's reforms and openness in the last few decades, but also largely due to many microeconomic effects, caused by the development of China's foreign trade and investment.Faced with growing external risks and objectively existing internal needs and constraints in an era of uncertainty, it is necessary to consider and implement policy options to continuously improve the international competitiveness of Chinese enterprises at the macro-national level and at the micro-corporate level.