Bird migration as a factor in the spread of infectious agents and antibioticresistant strains of microorganisms

Birds, with their wide geographical distribution and close relationship with other organisms, occupy an important place in the spread of diseases of farm animals and humans. They are also a reservoir for drug-resistant bacteria. This problem, discussed in the article, is relevant on a global scale. The systematic review is devoted to the analysis of the available literature on the composition of the microbiocenosis of the gastrointestinal tract and its role in the vital activity of the host. The review provides up-to-date information on wild and synanthropic birds as one of the important factors in the reservation and spread of pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria and viruses. The article describes the main aspects and features of bird migration, as well as the role of migratory species in the spread of antibiotic-resistant strains of microorganisms. The degree of influence of urbanization on both migratory and synanthropic birds is considered. A systematic review of domestic and foreign literature allows us to identify ways to further monitor the impact of migratory birds on the spread of infectious diseases. It is important to focus research attention on constant monitoring of wildlife, as this is crucial for a better understanding of the role of birds in the global spread of infectious diseases and antibiotic resistance.