Molecular genetic analysis of ADRB2, NOS3 and PPARGC1A genes in martial artists of the city of Perm

The study of genetic predisposition to certain types of sports activities will make it possible to scientifically select the most promising athletes and adjust their training process, since these data influence the formation of the physical qualities of athletes. The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between polymorphic variants of the ADRB2 (Adrenoceptor Beta 2), NOS3 (Nitric Oxide Synthase 3) and PPARGC1A (Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-Alpha) genes associated with endurance in judo and freestyle wrestling athletes with different sports qualifications. The sample for the study included 50 athletes, of which 27 were athletes involved in judo at the «Vityaz» sports school, and 23 athletes involved in freestyle wrestling at the «Planeta» sports and health club in the city of Perm. Depending on their sporting success, the combatants were distributed into Group I with high qualifications and into Group II with low qualifications. In 50 martial artists aged 10 to 16 years, laboratory research was carried out using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR-RT) and polymorphisms of three genes were identified: G/T polymorphism of the NOS3 gene (rs1799983), G/A polymorphism of the PPARGC1A gene (rs8192678) and A/G polymorphism of the ADRB2 gene (rs1042713). An analysis of the relationship between allelic variants of genes in martial artists and their sports qualifications was carried out. An analysis of the relationship between allelic variants of genes in martial artists and their sports qualifications was carried out; significant differences were established between Group I and Group II for genotype A/A (Fexp 2.98>1.96 at p=0.05) and genotype G/G (Fexp 2.60>1.96 at p=0.05) of the ADRB2 gene, and also for the G/A genotype of the PPARGC1A gene (Fexp 2.43>1.96 at p=0.05). The frequency of occurrence of TGS, calculated for the physical quality “endurance”, based on the polymorphism of the ADRB2, NOS3 and PPARGC1A genes in 50 martial artists, ranged from 33 to 100. Combatants with the greatest TGS are highly qualified. The relationship between the two samples (Group I with high qualifications and Group II with low qualifications) and TGS, established based on the analysis of polymorphic positions of three genes (ADRB2, NOS3 and PPARGC1A) is statistically insignificant.