Monitoring of green zone changes based on multitemporal Senti-nel-2 satellite data in the city of Thai Nguyen, Vietnam

Urban green spaces play an important role in improving the urban environment, enhancing the quality of life for residents, and contributing significantly to sustainable development. However, rapid urbanization has led to substantial changes in land use, particularly the reduction of green areas in cities. This study utilizes Sentinel-2 satellite imagery and data processing algorithms to monitor and analyze changes in green spaces in the city of Thai Nguyen, Vietnam. The most accurate classification results were used to reclassify the area into two groups: urban green zones (vegetation) and other objects (non-vegetative areas and water bodies). Segmentation was carried out using QGIS, MapInfo, eCognition software, and object-based correction algorithms. The analysis revealed significant changes in the structure of urban green spaces over time, highlighting the impact of urban expansion on the distribution of vegetation. The data obtained reflect both the development and degradation processes of green spaces within the city. The research results can be used by urban planners and local authorities to develop sustainable development strategies aimed at maintaining a balance between urbanization and environmental protection in Thai Nguyen and similar urban areas.