Morphofunctional characteristics of the systemic impact of implants with a coating on the basis of superhard compounds

Introduction A comparative morphological study of implants made of copper (Cu), 12X18H9T medical steel, 12X18H9T steel coated with hafnium nitride and titanium nitride (HfN + TiN), 12X18H9T steel coated with zirconium nitride and titanium nitride (ZrN + TiN) having an effect on parenchymal organs and the heart is presented. Materials and methods Results of implantations were reviewed in four groups of rats including two control (12X18H9T and Cu) and two experimental (HfN + TiN and ZrN + TiN) groups. The study is the latest research on the implants’ effect on vital organs of experimental animals. Results Analysis of the results showed that histological changes in the organs were the least in the 12X18H9T medical steel and the steel coated with HfN + TiN groups throughout the experiment and histological characteristics of the internal organs appeared to be normal in all animals at the end of the study. Marked pathological changes were observed in the copper group and the group of steel implants coated with TiN + ZrN despite the current widespread use of the latter in dentistry. Conclusion Implants made of copper and steel coated with ZrN + TiN were shown to have a negative impact on the animal body at both local and systemic levels. The findings indicated to the safe use of implants made of 12X18H9T medical steel and steel coated with HfN + TiN alloy.