The morphofunctional features of reproductive organs in rabbits obtained by ultrasonography method

The article presents the results of morphofunctional studies of the testis, the appendage of the testis, the spermatic cord and the saccus testicularis in rabbits using the ultrasonography method. The study was carried out on the basis of the Department of Anatomy, Histology, Physiology and Pathological Anatomy, as well as the University Veterinary Clinic of Omsk State Agrarian University using the Mindray DC-70 Exp X-Insight scanner. The object of the study was mature buck Californian rabbits. It was found that during ultrasound examination the testis is visualized as an oval-shaped formation up to 1.70 cm in length, up to 0.89 cm in width and up to 0.79 cm in thickness, with the volume of up to 0.79 cm3. The parenchyma of the testis was homogeneous, hypoechoic, fine-grained. The albuginea envelope was defined along the periphery of the testis in the form of a thin hyperechoic line. Also, intratesticular arteries and veins passing perpendicular to the mediastinum of the testis were determined using intraarterial angiography. It was determined that the spermatic cord has a greater echogenicity comparing to parenchyma of the testis, and its base area is up to 0.76 cm wide. Large oval anechogenic structures were visible there when applying B-mode. These were the testicular artery and the pampiniform venous plexus. It was found that the testicular sac on echograms had the form of a structure consisting of three leaves: a middle hyperechogenic one (muscle-elastic layer), an inner hypoechogenic one (vaginal membranes) and an outer hypoechogenic one (skin). The saccus testicularis thickness was up to 0.14 cm. A small amount of free anechogenic liquid was visualized in the scrotum cavity.