Morphological changes in reparative regeneration of soft tissue in rats with compromised type 2 diabetes mellitus during experimental wound process

The aim of the study was to investigate morphological changes and the severity of reparative processes in old rats with experimental wound healing against the background of experimental type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods. The study was performed on experimental material, sexually mature male Wistar rats aged 18 months, on which type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was modeled for 6 months. T2DM was induced using streptozotocin (65 mg/kg, 15 min after administration of 230 mg/kg nicotinamide, Sigma-Aldrich, USA). The animals were divided into groups: Group I – a modeled skin wound in rats without diabetes, Group II wound + T2DM, blood glucose level of 12 mmol/l and higher. A wound injury of the skin measuring 20 × 30 mm was excised with a scalpel and histological micropreparations were prepared. Animals were withdrawn from the experiment on days 7, 14, 21 and 28. The morphology of the wound process in rats with T2DM and modeled planar wounds of soft tissues was analyzed. The effect of hyperglycemia on the morphological features of the wound process in old rats was shown. The dynamics of the ratio of neutrophilic leukocytes and macrophages was revealed and the priority role of polymorphonuclear infiltration as a regulator of inflammatory-reparative relationships in the mechanism of wound healing in old rats with experimental T2DM was confirmed.