Multiculturalism: brilliancy of theory and practical inconsistency of project in real process discourse of cross-cultural interaction

The article presents an attempt to interpret a new pluralistic type of civilization, where not only complication of types identification arises, but multiplication of identity groups (professional, gender, regional, etc.) takes place as well. In this connection real opportunities of multiculturalism theory are revealed and practical inconsistency of its strategies is substantiated. A new algorithm, a cultural-anthropological approach is proved to be used for the harmony of both sides of the formula «one world and many cultures». Instead of national, ethnic, religious or any other group, the core of this approach should be a person as a liberal value, who has a right to freedom o f choice. Everyone's right to this choice is a basic condition for the existence of culture on a global scale. Only it is able to ensure the equality of people. None of national cultures is a model for other national cultures, as well as it can not be considered modern, being tightly shielded from them. Freedom of person ’s cultural choice must not violate the freedom of the choice of others. Of course, this statement does not exclude the right of every nation, or ethnic group to free cultural self-determination.