Disruption of tooth wear processes in children and factors contributing to the development of dental and jaw anomalies

This article presents a study on tooth wear in children and its impact on the formation of various dental and jaw anomalies. The relevance of the study on tooth wear in children in Russia and Kyrgyzstan is determined by several important aspects. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of children with dental and jaw anomalies, which is partly related to changes in nutrition, the level of dental care, and lifestyle factors. Tooth wear, as a natural process, can be disrupted by various factors, including improper bite, harmful habits, deficiencies in minerals and vitamins, and an unfavorable environmental situation. The main goal of the study is to analyze tooth wear in children as a risk factor for the development of dental and jaw anomalies. The materials and methods of the study included clinical examinations of children aged 6 to 15 years, with a total of 210 children divided into groups based on the type of anomalies. A survey was then conducted among the patients. The results of the study showed a high prevalence of anomalies and deformations of the dental and jaw system, as well as a variety of clinical manifestations and their influence on the predisposition to dental caries. Tooth wear was assessed using the TWI index, with the average degree of wear being 0.902 ± 0.811 points. The correlation with somatic pathology in pregnant women highlights the need for the development of preventive measures. Prevention of pathological tooth wear includes identifying the causes of bruxism and their timely elimination, normalizing the bite using prosthetics and orthodontic appliances, as well as focusing on posture correction and the elimination of harmful habits.