Scientific and methodical approaches in the creation of the gene pool of stone grain crops

The aim of the study was to create the collection of donors and sources of economically valuable traits of apricot, peach and almonds based on clean and healthy planting material to realize the possibility of quickly planting industrial gardens with quality planting material, as well as the earliest possible production of varieties with integrated resistance to bioand abiotic stressors. As the material resources for creation in the laboratory of field collection of the varieties of apricots, peaches and almonds the tub collection of the Golubevs' private selection nursery generally received from the Nikitsky Botanical Garden and the Crimean Experimental Station of Gardening was used. The research in the culture in vitro of plants bodies and tissues was carried out by the standard techniques on Murasige and Skuga medium (MS). The main principles of genetic material of stone fruit crops selection applied at creation of collections for selection and industrial purposes, some methods of improving planting material, such as meristem culture and chemotherapy were used. As a result of conducted research for the first time in Saratov Region a high-quality collection of apricots, peaches and almonds has been created. The structures of nutrient mediums were developed for meristem culture of apricots, peaches and almonds. Optimum concentrations of antibacterial and antiviral preparations for fight against internal (latent) infection of the explants were found. The monitoring of quarantine diseases of stony cultures was conducted. On the basis of the collection selection work on the creation of apricots and peaches varieties with complex resistance to Monilia cinerea, Stigminacarpophila and Plum pox virus began. The material revitalized through meristem culture for relaying of the collection of varieties was acquired.