Scientific and technological development in Russia

The processes of globalization and international division of labor have led to a change in Russia’s role in the international arena: from a leading country producing heavy machinery to a supplier of raw materials. The leading role in innovative development and building Russia’s technological sovereignty is given to scientific and technological innovations and scientific research, which can serve as a driving force for the transition from extensive to intensive growth. The purpose of the study is to assess the level of development and main problems in the scientific and technological sphere of Russia, which has the potential to form a sustainable model of the national innovation system. To achieve the goal of the study, such general and special research methods in economics as analysis, comparison, formalization, visualization, synthesis, induction and generalization were used. The article considers federal and regional strategic and tactical legislative and regulatory documents regulating the scientific and technological sphere; statistical data reflecting the state of research and development, their financing and the level of innovation activity in the country and the region over the past 20 years are analyzed. The work highlights the importance of not only adopting but also implementing program documents to achieve technological sovereignty.