Some approaches to modeling the dispersion of pollutants in urban development

The state of atmospheric air in urban areas is currently a problem. The assessment of the atmospheric characteristics of megacities and industrial agglomerations involves determination and control of the current state, as well as forecasting the magnitude of surface concentrations of pollutants in the near future. The solution of these issues is possible on the basis of mathematical modeling of pollution transfer processes in the ambient air. Currently, a significant number of mathematical models and software complexes of varying degrees of complexity have been developed, reflecting the spread of pollutants in the atmospheric air. The developed mathematical models of the dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere of megacities do not always reflect the rapid change in the state of the ambient air in the case of adverse meteorological conditions. Ensuring regulatory requirements for the air quality of residential areas in the development of mathematical software models for transfer of impurities involves taking into account all sources of pollutant emissions in populated areas, as well as features of urban architecture and climatic conditions. The use of predictive models makes it possible to timely regulate the degree of pollution of the city air basin. Approaches to mathematical modeling of spatial distribution of pollutants in the ambient air of megacities have been presented. The models of dispersion of harmful substances in a limited space of streets have been considered, the main factors necessary in the development of algorithms for the movement of polluted air masses have been reflected. The influence of geometric shapes of buildings and the underlying surface of residential areas has been noted. The results of experimental studies are presented, which include the reproducibility and satisfactory convergence of the revealed patterns of air pollution processes and theoretical calculations.