Language standard: sociolinguistic, psycholinguistic, and statistic aspects

The article deals with such a complex and multi-aspect phenomenon as language standard. The following aspects of this phenomenon are considered in detail: 1) standard as a sociolinguistic and psycholinguistic category, 2) statistical aspect of standard, 3) mechanism of standard. Language standard and its mechanism are determined by a complex of factors; the most important of these are correlation between language and speech characteristics and the communicative situation, specificity of the individual's cognitive organization, reflection of probabilistic patterns of language in the mind of the individual. Standard reflects probabilistic patterns of language use by an individual in a specific communicative situation.