Specifications and orders of sound influence on person’s hearing: recommendations according to scientific bases of sound dosimetry

The concept of scientific principles of sound dosimetry is under construction on the assumption that functional properties of acoustical receptors are defined morphological structure of spiral body. The normal perception them of stimulus of sound pressure is possible for a long time at excitation no more that number of external hairpin cells which is on an external number of spiral body: nс≤6. Excitation of more number of receptors can cause problems in work of acoustical body up to their destruction. As the number of excited receptors (external hairpin cells) is connected with level of sound pressure L an obvious parity n=L+1 it is possible to define limiting, but safe, level of sound pressure Lс≤5 which person is able to withstand for a long time. At an estimation of acoustical sensations in physiology it is necessary to recognize these sizes standard. The theory of sound dosimetry promotes an establishment of standard decisions of biophysical characteristics of a sound field: doses of sound D (p. τ) as pressure functions р and expositions τ, expositions t (p,d) in a sound field as pressure functions p and doses d, levels of sound pressure L (τ, δD) as exposition functions τ and doses d (relative doses δD). The psychophysical solution of a problem regulates: levels of sound signal loudness Е (τ, d) or Е (τ, δD), in phones (decaphones), as exposition functions τ and doses d (or relative doses δD), duration of an exposition of the person t () at various sound pressure p (levels of sound pressure L) and a maximum permissible dose of sound D П.