On the town-planning features of location of climatic stations on the territory of the Russian metropolises

Modern town-planning design provides a sustainable development of territories based on documents of territorial planning and town-planning zoning taking into account ecological, economic, social and other factors. Modern climate changes are one of the main threats for a sustainable development of the cities in the 21st century. The climatic data obtained from stationary points of observations are the most important source of information about dynamics of global warming. Historically the system of hydrometeorological supervision developed in the cities - the centers of concentration of various branches of economy and scientific knowledge. At city stations the longest and the most continuous ranks of climatic information are saved up. Development of the urbanized territories around meteorological stations repeatedly led to change of their location in planning structure of the cities. Results of the town-planning analysis of an arrangement of climatic stations in planning structure of the Russian metropolises are given in the article. Characteristics of master plans of the cities regarding functional zoning of territories of placement of meteorological stations are submitted. The description of the actual land use in security zones of meteorological stations is executed. The retrospective of requirements for restriction of development of the climatic stations adjoining in security zones is given. The historical analysis of movement of meteorological stations across the territory of the russian metropolises is carried out.