On realization of feedback channel in automatic control heating systems of buildings

The problem of determining the internal air temperature while constructing feedback control heating systems of buildings is considered. The methods of solving this problem known in the literature are analyzed. It is indicated that neither the method of representative point (points), nor wired and wireless multi-sensor networks, nor the physical model method, nor the temperature ventilation passage method can be considered sufficiently suitable for determining the average internal air temperature of a building. The problem requires further study and development. Fairly simple methods for determining this variable are proposed in the work. The main point of these methods is that the return water temperature contains information about all the variables affecting the heat consumption, including the information about the internal air temperature; therefore, through applying a model of heat exchange, it is possible to estimate the internal air temperature using the return water temperature data. In this case, it is only necessary to properly adjust the heat exchange model to the experimental data (for a specific building). To gain the necessary result, it is necessary to measure the coolant flow mass for the entire heating system, as well as the external air temperature, the direct and return water temperature in one of the cases. In the other case, it is not necessary to measure the external air temperature, since somewhat different heat exchange correlations are considered. An equation adjusted as to the experimental data is produced, which can be used to control the internal air temperature of a building in an automatic control loop. It is shown that the parametric identification quality used to control the heat exchange model is sufficiently high.