Rationale for the possibility of using biochemical processing of organic waste to produce thermal energy

The structure and volume of energy consumption by agricultural enterprises of the Russian Federation is considered. The actual consumption of energy resources in the agroindustrial complex has been analyzed. The structure of energy and electricity consumption for the needs of enterprises is considered. The comparative indicators of energy efficiency of agricultural production in Russia and European countries are given. The urgency of reducing the energy intensity of technological processes is substantiated. The mechanism and stages of biochemical processing of organic wastes are considered. The character of changes in the acidity of digested mass depending on the temperature is defined. The temperature regimes for the main stages of the decomposition of raw materials are identified. The expediency of limiting the temperature of the process by means of utilization of part of the released heat energy is proved. The design of an energy-efficient heat-recovery unit with a heat-exchange surface in a layer of raw materials and equipped with a device for automatic control of its temperature and humidity has been proposed.