The evaluation of the productivity of perennial plants in the cultivation in mixed crops in the conditions of Pre-Baikal region

The article presents the evaluation of perennial plants productivity, i.e. galega, bunias, moun- taineer, in single-species agrophytocenoses at joint cultivation with awnless brome. The observations were made in 2013-2015 in the experimental field of Irkutsk State Agricultural University on unferti-lized light gray forest soils. Morphological and bio-logical indicators of long-term plants productivity were considered: grass density, linear growth. Recorded phytometric plant productivity indicators were leaf area, photosynthetic potential, pure pho-tosynthetic productivity. The productivity of peren-nial plants was presented by the yield of green mass. The research showed that the joint agrophytocenoses (APC) of the first year of life was the highest number of stalks marked at brome with milk galega in wide-row crops. Bean component favorably influenced the growth and development of awnless brome. On the second year of life the APC awnless brome, galega, and mountaineer ce-real component was well-developed, but as it was violent it adversely affected related components. The observations showed that all the studied per-ennial crops were tall plants. The maximum height of the linear growth was observed in the joint APC of second year of life in wide-row crops. The stud-ied plants were representatives of different botani-cal families, and each had its own particular struc-ture and branching. To form the sheet surface of plants optimal conditions in joint crops with row spacing of 45 cm and 60 cm were created, as it reduced the mutual shading of leaves and was ac-companied by the absorption of the greatest amount of light energy for the entire growing sea-son. We found out common perennial crops to get more production per unit area and at no additional cost to be the reserve of increasing the production of green fodder.