The role of aminotrasferase activity in hen productivity

Enzymes are known to play the significant role in gene expression during ontogenesis, in maintenance of homeostasis and regulation of growth and development, and in productive traits. To estimate the physiological conditions and egg productivity in hens, the alanine and aspartate aminotrasferases (AlAT and AsAT) activity is considered as the most adequate. Nevertheless, the investigations of fermentative status in tissues and organs of hens are limited, and particularly, the information on specific effects of the age, the stage of the oviposition period, and the egg productivity to AlAT and AsAT activity in hen blood and tissues was not found in the accessible literature. We studied the dynamics of AlAT and AsAT activity in blood, liver, heart and kidneys during egg laying (26, 52 and 80 weeks) in Lohmann White hens from commercial farm. It was shown the changes of activities and the ratio of AlAT and AsAT, even if the physiological variability is not exceeded, occur due to metabolic changes. There is the relationship between the catalytic activity of AlAT, AsAT, AlAT/AsAT ratio in blood serum and in liver, heart and kidneys cells. The functional parameters of AlAT and AsAT reflect both the intensiveness and specificity of amino acids metabolism in cells, and the rate of enzymes output from cells to blood, and also correlate with egg productivity. Thus, the amount of AlAT and AsAT in hepatocytes and the rate of aminotransferases output to blood during the physiological regeneration the mostly affect the AlAT and AsAT concentrations, ratio and activity in blood, which, in turn, determine the character of biochemical changes of amino acids in hens and, as a result, affect the egg production.