Evaluation of soft spring wheat selection material by the artifically-induced stresses resistance

In this paper the experimental data about spring wheat cultivars and lines adaptability under the artificially induced stresses during their germination phase are presented. The study has been conducted in 2013-2018. As stress factors, sucrose, sodium chloride and aluminum sulfate were used. By the reaction to these factors we investigated the level of drought tolerance, salt tolerance, and aluminum tolerance of the experimental samples. The resistance of cultivars and lines was determined by their growth functions - germination under sucrose-induced dehydration, seedlings length under salinization conditions, and the length of main germinal root under acidification. During the research, it was established that stressful environmental background, created in laboratory conditions, led to the suppression of plants growth as combination of metabolic processes. On early stages of ontogenesis, spring wheat was extremely vulnerable to osmotic and salinization stresses. The impact of acidification by aluminum sulfate was significantly less than of two aforementioned stresses, and did not demonstrate any significant difference between samples. The ability of experimental samples to mobilize their resistance mechanisms both on separate stresses background and combined stresses background was determined. The absolute majority of samples under evaluation resisted the harmful influence of stressful situations, among them Zlata, Lubava, Lyza and other cultivars, characterized by their wide spread in different agro-ecological conditions. Their participation in crossing helped to create perspective lines with good adaptability to extreme environmental conditions - lines 6091, 4404, 4321, ect. - which also combined resistance with the complex of economically valuable traits.