Evaluation of bone mineral density in male patients with androgen deficiency and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Although many reports have elucidated the pathophysiological characteristics of abnormal bone metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DT2), determinants of bone mineral density in patients with DT2 are still controversial. In recent years, the prevalence of osteoporosis in men has been increasing. Sex steroids play an important role in the maintenance of bone metabolism. In a previous study, low androgen concentrations were reported to be a predictor of bone loss in men. Estrogen deficiency can also occur in normal older men as a consequence of aging, and serum estradiol appears to have an important effect on bone health in men. In this study, we investigated the determinants of BMD in male patients with DT2 to establish future strategies for the prevention of fractures due to osteoporosis in these patients.