Evaluation of the technology of harvesting grain crops by the method of combing the standing crops

The article considers the technology of harvesting grain crops with a harvester using the method of combing the standing crops. The proposed principle of grain harvesting should be selected individually for the zone of crop growth with appropriate natural conditions. This method of harvesting involves threshing only the grain part of the plants, without violating the integrity of the stems, which is the main advantage, since threshing of the grain part of the plant implies the preservation of the stem, which simplifies the harvesting process and has a positive side effect that allows to protect the stubble background from wind erosion of the soil. A schematic diagram is given and the technological sequence of operation of a single-drum stripper harvester is described. It has been established that the main working body of the presented type of harvester is the stripping combs located on the stripping drum. The geometric parameters of the combs are designed in such a way as to ensure complete capture of the area where the grains are located. The speed of rotation of the drum is selected based on the speed of the combine, the average height of the stems and the maturity of the harvested crop. Important adjustment parameters are noted that allow adapting the stripper harvester to various agrotechnical requirements. If these parameters are observed, harvesting with a stripper harvester makes it possible to reduce the harvesting time. The method of grain loss after the harvester is given. The results of determining the loss of grain behind the harvester of the conducted research of the operation of combines with headers for direct combining and stripping are described. The given theoretical substantiation of the constructive and technological parameters of the header for stripping and the results of comparative tests of the operation of two types of headers made it possible to identify the positive and negative aspects of the combine harvester with each header. Based on the results of the research, the nominal operating mode of the stripping drum, the speed of the combine and the minimum percentage of grain loss after the passage of the combine with the stripping header were determined.