The detection of possible causes for human skin blood-tissues barrier damage in the Demodex mite model

The study of the morphological and functional features of the blood-tissue barrier of the skin, as an important component of the mechanism that ensures the homeostasis of general reactivity, is an actual task in histology and dermatology. The purpose of this study was to detection of the possible causes of damage to the blood-tissue barrier of human skin using a model studying mites of the kind Demodex. Author used material from skin scrapings and biopsies from 10 male volunteers aged 30-45 years. The material was examined for the detection of Demodex mites under a light microscope for a morphological study. For the study, a punch biopsy was used; after preparing the slides were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Scanning electron microscopy was performed using a standard method. To determine the possible pathogenicity of the microflora, an analysis was carried out using a polymerase chain reaction with further cultivation and identification of the resulting material. The data obtained indicate the possibility of Demodex mites violating the integrity and normal structure of the components of the blood-tissue barrier of human skin. Obstruction of the hair canal and ducts of the sebaceous glands with skin detritus, destruction of sebocytes and the walls of the sebaceous glands with subsequent sclerosis, as well as leukocyte infiltration of the walls of the pilosebaceous complex were revealed. The durable chitins exoskeleton and structural features of the digestive tract of ticks protect them from the immediate reaction of local immune systems, and the complex mouthparts, hooks, and size of adult individuals contribute to the destruction of the structures of the human pilosebaceous complex. Over time, sclerosis of mechanically destroyed tissue areas and encapsulation of individuals occurs. Bacteria of the genus Bacillus, identified in mites, are one of the possible factors aggravating the negative effect of Demodex on human skin. The destructive effect of mites of the genus Demodex on the structures of the blood-tissue barrier of the skin, pathogenicity factors and structural features of mites can play an important role in their survival and spread in the pilosebaceous complexes of human skin, as well as in complicating the course of local inflammatory processes due to the destruction of the structures of the skin barrier.