Understanding liberal values in the modern Russian cultural and historical context

The article attempts to theoretically comprehend the transformation of liberal values in the process of economic and political reforms carried out in Russia after collapse of the USSR in 1991 and the collapse of the world system of socialism. Some approaches to the interpretation of the essence of the “cold war”, as well as its results and outcomes, are analyzed. The article describes the main problems faced by Russian society and the Russian government in connection with the abolition of the Communist ideology. Based on the analysis of these approaches, we propose a hypothetical model of coexistence and confrontation between “two worlds” and two types of man within the framework of the Cristian worldview paradigm, in essence, two concepts of humanism. The author reveals the specifics of Russia’s modern opposition with what took place during the cold war. An attempt is made to understand this confrontation in a more General way.