Main line of work with children and families living in hardship and at social risk

The article considers an important issue of children’s deviant behavior prevention as one of the directions of state activity in the formation of labor potential quality. The aim of the research is to reveal problems related to behavior, moral, lifestyle of children living in hardship, to follow the stages of the formation of different kinds of deviance, and outline ways of their overcoming. The authors pursue the goal of studying difficult life situations in teenagers’ and their families’ lives and allocating those prone to prevention and improvement. The authors use the results of the sociological research of the Istitute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences and LLC “Center for Social Forecasting and Marketing”. Methodologically the article is based on the surveys and focus-groups studies of class masters, representatives from the Child Protective Service, and heads of educational organizations in 20 Russian regions. The rationale of the research consists in practical relevance of studying hardship and social risk that lead to the increase of delinquency and social deviation among teenagers. The novelty of the research lies in the lack of attempts in the domestic works to undertake a major study of different socialization models from the perspective of deviences risk and factors of hardship overcoming. The authors confirm that the main institutions affecting children’s socialization are family and school. The educational system lacks socialization goals for children in difficult life situations or at social risk. The article reveals main factors hindering prevention of children’s aggressive and maladaptive behavior: regulatory, administrative, financial, HR-related, and methodical ones. The authors provide recommendations for the prevention of teenagers’ socialization violation. The results of the research can be used in other regions for taking informed decisions on these issues, and the organization of prevention system at all levels of government.