Bases of a system approach to development anti-erosion tillage machines

The article considers the basis for the development of tillage machines and implements designed to counteract the emergence and development of soil erosion processes. The analysis of the soil environment as a system object is given, and the external input factors and output indicators, which should be taken into account in the development of tillage tools, are highlighted. It is noted that the result of the soil tillage process is the arable and subsoil horizons, which determine the presence (accumulation) and deficit of moisture. Preservation of fertility and reduction of soil erosion depends on the state of soil horizons. Further, on the basis of the analysis of machine-tractor unit (MTU) functioning as a system, the constituent subsystems are identified. Taking into account its peculiarities the system of MTU, its existence in time and space has been considered and all stages of the life cycle of soil tillage machine functioning have been analyzed. It is established that not only costs are invested, but also return in the form of the received effect is made at the stage of MTU usage according to its target purpose. The basic principles of statement and realization of the tasks, connected with the use of erosion control technologies and creation of the corresponding tillage machines have been formulated, allowing to determine the object, task and purpose of the technological process of soil tillage. It is shown that the efficiency of functioning of the created machine is determined by the input data, which are subdivided into internal and external factors. For the evaluation of the soil cultivation process the main links of the system have been singled out, which allowed to get the target function and to determine the restrictions imposed on the task. In the conclusion the directions of research were outlined and the stages of development of anti-erosion tillage machines were worked out.