Features of root crops formation by varieties and hybrids of daikon at different sowing dates

Vegetables that contribute to maintaining health and prolonging life are of particular importance for human nutrition. Currently, an important problem of the quality of vegetables is their environmental safety. In this regard, in 2017, 2019 and 2020, studies were conducted in the southern forest-steppe of the Omsk region on the chernozem soil of the Kalachinsky district. Six varieties and hybrids of daikon were sown (Sasha - control, Minovashi, Misato red, Misato pink shine, Sverkhrediska F1, Starburst F1) in three terms - July 15, July 25 and August 5. The predecessor is potatoes. The purpose of the research is to establish the optimal sowing period for daikon, which allows to obtain the maximum yield of root crops in the conditions of the Western Siberia. It was found that daikon varieties and hybrids used a leaf apparatus with different efficiency to form a yield of root crops. The most effective variety was Sasha, for every gram of leaf mass it formed 1.72-4.08 g of root crops. The hybrid Sverkhrediska F1 (1.10-1.96 g) and the Misato Red variety - 1.04-2.35 g were also intensively used for the formation of the crop. To obtain high productivity and standard daikon root crops in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of the Western Siberia, it is better to sow in the second half of July. When sown on July 15, the yield of standard daikon root crops is 9-63% higher than when sown on July 25, and when sown on August 5, daikon varieties are unproductive and form non-standard root crops. When sown in the second half of July, the hybrid of Sverkhrediska F1 is the most productive - 5.84-7.96 kg/m2. Misato red (4.24-4.66 kg/m2) and Sasha - 3.23-5.14 kg/m2 have a good yield of root crops, which do not form flowering plants during the growing season.