Features of the hydrological regime of the water bodies of the Volga basin in the Volgograd region

The study of changes in the hydrological regime of water bodies in the Volga River basin is extremely important for observing and predicting the impact of these changes on the development of both economic activity and the entire biological diversity of various aquatic ecosystems in the basin. These observations make it possible to identify patterns and understand the mechanisms of changes in the hydrological and biological regimes of watercourses and reservoirs under the influence of various system-forming environmental factors. The purpose of the study is to analyze changes in the hydrological regime of the Volga basin water bodies in the Volgograd region in the conditions of regulated flow of the Volga River after the construction of the Volga hydroelectric dam. The article analyzes the data on the annual flow of the Volga River in the period from 1879 to 2023, presents long- term data on the maximum discharge costs of the Volga hydroelectric power plant from 1961 to 2023. The dependence of the level of the annual river flow of the Volga River on the prevailing water management situation in a particular reporting period has been established. It is noted that the formation of the Volgograd reservoir caused significant changes in the hydrological regime of the water bodies of the Volga basin in the Volgograd region.