Features and problems of the use of inbreeding in dairy cattle population of Orel region

The article presents the results of the еvaluation of inbreeding in cattle breeding organizations in Orel region of Russia. It was determined that in 3013 from 6 herds studied inbred cows were 20,74%, the share accounted for 41.12% top-crossing inbred population, the share of moderate relationship - 33,76% of the cows. The inbred group Farm of Michurin 4,7% stillborn calves was obtained on 617 calving (7,2% in the first calving) in outbred group - 2,7% on 436 calving. Of the 1,200 pedigrees Holland heifers (not including bulls) hidden and phenotypically manifested mutations occurred 560 times, but BLAD and CVM mutations were mostly eliminated, and found only in the II row pedigrees heifers. Mutations MF (syndactyly) and PO (hornless) carriers were found among the fathers of bulls. In the short term, it is recommended to give up the use of inbreeding, regardless of the degree of kinship, as well as to introduce the practice of tribal organizations monitoring the incidence of genetic abnormalities system.