Features of designing a natural park

The features of the design of a natural park in the Perm region are considered. At the stage of project development, according to the requirements of Russian legislation, it is required to solve a number of problems using general scientific and ecological-geographical research methods. In fact, the design of a natural park, taking into account the non-triviality of the tasks to be solved, relates to applied research. The article summarizes the 5-year experience in the organization of the Permsky Natural Park and can be considered as a brief guide to creating such protected areas in the forest zone of Russia. When designing, the following scientific problems were solved: an ecological-geographical analysis of the region was performed, areas for the creation of a natural park were allocated; a comprehensive environmental survey was conducted with an assessment of the state of the territory and a description of valuable natural objects, peculiarities of environmental management and potential conflicts of environmental management were considered, and functional zoning of protected areas was developed. To create a natural park, the authors proposed 13 plots located in all natural areas of Prikamye, reflecting the geographical diversity of the region. At the beginning of 2018, the valleys of the Vishera, Usva, Chusovaya rivers received the status of “natural park”, which was caused by the need to regulate tourist flow to preserve the main objects of protection (geological outcrops of the Lower Paleozoic rocks, “Red Book” species of biota, cultural heritage sites). It is shown that potential conflicts between the natural park and natural resource users are possible. For their minimization, zones of special protection, recreation, economic development with a minimum of economic restrictions are allocated.