Topography features of the incisive canal in early adults

Aim is to study topography of incisive canal depending on sex, parameters of craniofacial complex and dentition. Material and Methods. 174 adult persons of both sexes aged 21-35 years (first adult persons) (80 men and 94 women) were objects of the research. Garson facial index, upper face index and average modulus of maxilla were determined. Number of Stensen foramen and foramen incisivum, their sizes and shape; distances between foramen incisivum and inferior palatal and inferior labial point of maxillary alveolar process; length, shape, type and angle of inclination of incisive canal; bone density around incisive canal were determined on CBCT. Results. Size of nasal and incisivum foramen, length of incisive canal is significantly higher in men, and distances between foramen incisivum and inferior palatal and inferior labial points of alveolar process is significantly higher in women. Dimensions of heart-shaped foramen incisivum prevailed over sizes of droplet-shaped and oval foramen incisivum, and oval-shaped sizes were the smallest. Length of hourglass-shaped incisive canal was 3.4% higher than length of funnel-shaped canal, and 5.6% more than cylindrical shaped ones; length of spindle-shaped incisive canal was 12.7% higher than length of cylindrical canal. Conclusion. Incisive canal has individual variability of sizes, shape and topography depending on its shape and type, gender, cephalotype and average modulus of maxilla were determined.